SPIKES Protocol

Architecture Discuss on Instagram: "Hostile architecture, an urban design strategy with historical antecedents, strategically employs elements of the built environment to guide or restrict specific behaviors, often targeting marginalized groups like the homeless or youth. Notable examples include "anti-homeless spikes," sloped window sills, and benches designed to prevent lying down. This concept has roots in 19th-century practices, such as urine deflectors and segregation-oriented urban plannin