A horizontal merger is a merger or business consolidation that occurs between firms that operate in the same industry, usually as larger companies attempt to create more efficient economies of scale.

Discover how horizontal acquisitions work, their advantages, and real-world examples, helping you understand industry ...

For decades, vertical integration meant ownership. According to Michael E. Porter's seminal work Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, companies sought to reduce costs, ...

Horizontal SaaS promised scale, but vertical SaaS wins by going deep — making specialization the real moat in enterprise tech.