Although informal and formal organizations might seem diametrically opposed, they can and do coexist within a single company's organizational structure. Indeed, every company with a formal structure ...

Flat organizations reduce management layers to boost communication, agility and morale, but they may struggle with role ...

Every organization, no matter its size, has an abundance of moving pieces. Ensuring that all those pieces move in perfect synchrony starts by devising an organizational structure that represents the ...

Most business people are familiar with organizational charts that show who reports to whom in a company. Those people in the boxes at the top of the chart are those presumed to have the most power.

Thompson, T., and Kathleen L. Valley. "Changing Formal and Informal Structure to Enhance Organizational Knowledge." In Strategic Flexibility: Managing in a Turbulent ...

Thompson, Tracy A., and Kathleen L. McGinn. "Changing Formal and Informal Structure to Enhance Organizational Knowledge." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 98-060, December 1997.