The average textbook definition of modulation reads: modulation is a process in which the frequency, phase or amplitude of a carrier wave varies in step with the instantaneous value of the modulating ...

This application note involves the use of RIGOL’s instruments for FM signal generation and analysis. An arbitrary waveform generator will be used to produce the signal and a spectrum waveform analyzer ...

Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector circuits used for FM are slightly more complicated. Wrapping your head around phase detectors, ratio detectors, ...

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A signal generator, a general-purpose piece of test equipment, performs numerous measurements for a variety of applications requiring electromagnetic wave signals as stimuli. Its roots trace back to ...

The author is president of Omnia Audio in Cleveland. The FM stereo transmission system employed in worldwide broadcasting has been in place since 1961. The rules governing stereophonic performance ...

Emerging, data-intensive technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning are gaining popularity. Data centers, which act as the essential infrastructure for these technologies, need to ...

(1) An earlier magnetic disk encoding method that places clock bits onto the medium along with the data bits. It was superseded by MFM and RLL. FM radio was invented in the early 1930s by Edwin Howard ...