Low-voltage CMOS analog circuit design has emerged as a critical area of research, driven by the dual imperatives of energy efficiency and high-performance signal processing. This discipline focuses ...
Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...
Recent advances in terahertz technology are significantly expanding the horizon of high-speed, high-frequency electronic and photonic systems. Positioned between microwave electronics and infrared ...
When a CMOS circuit is in an idle state there is still some static power dissipation–a result of leakage current through nominally off transistors. Both nMOS and pMOS transistors used in CMOS logic ...
Low-power IC design techniques have been around for quite a while. They weren’t always required, though they were nice to have. The rapid growth of the consumer market for battery-powered devices has ...